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Liver Cancer- Cause and Symptoms By Christopher Charles

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Liver cancer also known as primary or metastatic hepatic carcinoma is a very rare form of cancer in the western world (1% of all cancers) but much more { frequent| common { in Africa and parts of Asia (10% to 50% of all cancers).It is much more prevalent in men and incidence increases with age. Liver cancer is rapidly fatal, usually within six months from gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatic failure or metastasis.

TYPES OF LIVER CANCER
Most primary liver tumors are known as hepatomas (hepatocellular carcinoma and primary lower cell carcinoma). Some hepatomas liver cancers come from the bile duct and these are known as cholangiomas. Some rare liver cancers include Kupffer cell sarcoma and hepatoblastomas (which occur almost exclusively in children and are usually respectable and curable). Metastatic liver cancer is 20 times more common than primary liver cancer and after cirrhosis this is the leading form of liver related to death.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
{ Until late stages liver cancer doesn’t normally cause symptoms.| Liver cancer doesn’t normally cause symptoms until it is in an later stage.
Clinical effects of advanced liver cancers include:
1. A mass in the right upper side.
2. Tender, nodular liver on palpation
3. Severe pain in the epigastrium or upper right side
4. Weight loss, anorexia, weakness, fever
5. Occasional jaundice or ascites (fluid in the abdomen)

CAUSATION
Liver cancer in children maybe a genetic disease but the cause in adults is unknown. Adult liver carcinomas may result from environmental exposure to carcinogens such as mold, contrast media (no longer in use), androgens and oral estrogens, the hepatitis B virus or by damage to the liver due to cirrhosis caused by too much prolonged imbibing of alcohol.

DIAGNOSIS
In the presence of cirrhosis liver cancer is difficult to diagnose, but various tests can help identify it: The combination of an imaging study (ultrasound, CT, or MRI scans) and an raised blood level of alpha-fetoprotein will most effectively diagnose liver cancer, electrolyte studies may indicate increased sodium retention, a liver biopsy can make a definitive diagnosis.

TREATMENT
Treatments for primary liver cancer depend on the stage of the disease, age, overall health, feelings and personal preferences. Surgery is the most effective treatment for primary liver cancer, but this is not always possible due to the size or where the tumor is situated. Radiofrequency ablation is an option for people with small, unresectable hepatocellular tumors and for numerous types of metastatic liver cancers. During this procedure, the hepatic artery (the artery from which liver cancers derive their blood supply) is blocked, and chemotherapy drugs are injected between the blockage and the liver. Cryoablation may be an option for people with inoperable primary and metastatic liver cancers. Replacing the whole liver with a transplant is another possible form of treatment for primary liver cancer.

Even when treatments fail to provide much improvement in the liver cancer itself, pain and other signs and symptoms caused by liver cancer can be aggressively treated to improve quality of life. In general, the treatments available for children are the same as for adults, and the best approach depends on the stage and type of cancer as well as the child's age and overall health.

Source: Articles Universe: http://articlesuniverse.com

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